2018年12月大学英语四级(第一套)-SectionA 官网
{"origin":" Millions die early from air pollution each year. Air pollution costs the global economy more than $5 trillion annually in welfare costs, with the most serious 26 occurring in the developing world. The figures include a number of costs 27 with air pollution. Lost income alone amounts to $225 billion a year. The report includes both indoor and outdoor air pollution. Indoor pollution, which includes 28 like home heating and cooking, has remained 29 over the past several decades despite advances in the area. Levels of outdoor pollution have grown rapidly along with rapid growth in industry and transportation. Director of Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Chris Murray 30 it as an \u201curgent call to action.\u201d\u201cOne of the risk factors for premature deaths is the air we breathe, over which individuals have little 31 ,\u201dhe said. The effects of air pollution are worst in the developing world, where in some places lost-labor income 32 nearly 1% of GDP. Around 9 in 10 people in low-and middle-income countries live in places where they 33 experience dangerous levels of outdoor air pollution. But the problem is not limited 34 to the developing world. Thousands die prematurely in the U.S. as a result of related illnesses. In many European countries, where diesel(\u67f4\u6cb9) 35 have become more common in recent years, that number reaches tens of thousands. ","question":[{"id":"638","title":"","number":"26","choice":["A) ability ","B) associated ","C) consciously ","D) constant ","E) control ","F) damage","G) described","H) equals","I) exclusively","J) innovated","K) regularly","L) relates","M) sources","N) undermine","O) vehicles"],"answer":"F) damage","content":" \u540d\u8bcd\u8fa8\u6790\u9898\u3002\u7a7a\u683c\u524d\u9762\u662f\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7 the most serious, \u540e\u9762\u4e3a\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed occurring in the developing world \u4f5c\u540e\u7f6e\u5b9a\u8bed\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u683c\u5904\u9700\u8981\u586b\u5165\u540d\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u7a7a\u683c\u524d\u4e00\u53e5\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u798f\u5229\u652f \u51fa\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u6bcf\u5e74\u7ed9\u5168\u7403\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u635f\u5931\u9ad9\u4e8e 5 \u4e07\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5bf9\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u9020\u6210\u6700\u4e3a\u4e25\u91cd \u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7a7a\u683c\u5904\u9700\u8981\u586b\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u793a \u201c\u4e0d\u826f\u5f71\u54cd\u6216\u201c\u635f\u5931 \u201d\u7684 \u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u786e\u5b9a\u540d\u8bcd F) damage \u635f\u5bb3\uff0c\u635f \u5931 \u4e3a\u672c\u9898\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u5907\u9009\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u540d\u8bcd\u4e2d\uff0c\u5747\u4e0e\u6b64\u5904\u8981\u8868\u8fbe\u7684 \u201c\u4e0d \u826f\u5f71\u54cd \u6216 \u201c\u635f\u5931 \u610f\u601d\u4e0d\u7b26\uff0c\u5747\u53ef\u6392\u9664\u3002 ","user_answer":"A"},{"id":"639","title":"","number":"27","choice":["A) ability ","B) associated ","C) consciously ","D) constant ","E) control ","F) damage","G) described","H) equals","I) exclusively","J) innovated","K) regularly","L) relates","M) sources","N) undermine","O) vehicles"],"answer":"B) associated","content":" \u52a8\u8bcd\u8fa8\u6790\u9898\u3002\u7a7a\u683c\u6240\u5728\u53e5\u7684\u4e3b\u8bed\u662f the Rgures, \u8c13\u8bed\u662f include, \u5bbe\u8bed\u662f a number of costs, \u53e5\u5b50\u6210\u5206\u5b8c\u6574\u3002\u7a7a\u683c\u524d\u9762\u4e3a\u540d\u8bcd costs, \u540e\u9762\u4e3a\u4ecb\u5bbe\u7ed3\u6784 with air poUution, \u7531\u6b64\u63a8\u65ad\u7a7a\u683c\u5904\u9700\u8981\u586b \u4eba\u52a8\u8bcd\u5206\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\u6216\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd ,\u4e0e\u4ecb\u8bcd\u8bbd\u6bd4\u642d\u914d\u6784\u6210\u540e\u7f6e\u5b9a\u8bed\uff0c\u4fee\u9970 a number of costs 0 \u6587\u7ae0\u9996\u6bb5\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61 \u67d3\u6bcf\u5e74\u7ed9\u5168\u7403\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u635f\u5931\u9ad8\u4e8e 6 \u4e07\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u672c\u53e5\u627f\u63a5\u9996\u6bb5\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6210\u672c\u635f\u5931\u3002\u56e0\u6b64 , \u7a7a\u683c\u5904\u6240\u586b\u8bcd\u5e94\u4e0e\u540e\u9762\u7684\u7948 \u5c71 pollution \u642d\u914d\u8868\u8fbe \u4e0e\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u5907\u9009\u8bcd\u4e2d\u7b26\u5408\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8981\u6c42 \u7684\u53ea\u6709 associated,be associated with... \u610f\u601d\u4e3a \u201c\u4e0e \u76f8\u5173 \uff0c \u7531\u6b64\u786e\u5b9a\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a B) \u3002\u7a7a\u683c\u5904\u9700\u8981\u586b\u5165\u52a8\u8bcd \u5206\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\u6216\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0e\u4ecb\u8bcd with \u642d\u914d ,\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u6392\u9664 constant\/escribed \u548c innovated \u3002 ","user_answer":"A"},{"id":"640","title":"","number":"28","choice":["A) ability ","B) associated ","C) consciously ","D) constant ","E) control ","F) damage","G) described","H) equals","I) exclusively","J) innovated","K) regularly","L) relates","M) sources","N) undermine","O) vehicles"],"answer":"M) sources","content":" \u540d \u8bcd\u8fa8\u6790\u9898\u3002\u7a7a\u683c\u5904\u524d\u9762\u6709\u52a8\u8bcd includes, \u540e\u9762\u6709\u4ecb\u8bcd like \u8868\u793a\u5217\u4e3e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u586b \u5165\u540d\u8bcd\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u56f4\u7ed5 air poUution \u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u672c\u53e5\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230 indoor pollution, \u5e76\u5217\u4e3e\u4e86 \u201c\u5bb6 \u5ead\u4f9b\u6696\u548c\u70f9\u996a \u201d\u8fd9\u4e24 \u79cd\u5ba4\u5185\u6c61\u67d3 ,\u56e0\u6b64\u6b64\u5904\u5e94\u586b\u5165\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e14\u610f\u601d\u4e0a\u4e0e \u201c\u5bb6\u5ead \u4f9b\u66a7\u548c\u70f9\u996a \u201d\u6709\u5173\u3002\u6839\u636e\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u5206\u6790, \u201c\u5bb6\u5ead \u4f9b\u6696\u548c \u70f9\u996a \u201d\u5747\u662f\u5ba4\u5185\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u786e\u5b9a M) sources \u6765\u6e90 \uff0c\u6839\u6e90 \u201d\u4e3a \u672c\u9898\u7b54\u6848\u3002 ","user_answer":"A"},{"id":"641","title":"","number":"29","choice":["A) ability ","B) associated ","C) consciously ","D) constant ","E) control ","F) damage","G) described","H) equals","I) exclusively","J) innovated","K) 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D) constant \u6301\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u7684 \u201d\u4e3a \u672c\u9898\u7b54\u6848\u3002 ","user_answer":"A"},{"id":"642","title":"","number":"30","choice":["A) ability ","B) associated ","C) consciously ","D) constant ","E) control ","F) damage","G) described","H) equals","I) exclusively","J) innovated","K) regularly","L) relates","M) sources","N) undermine","O) vehicles"],"answer":"G) described","content":" \u52a8\u8bcd\u8fa8\u6790\u9898\u3002\u7a7a\u683c\u524d\u800c\u662f\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u7a7a\u683c\u540e\u800c\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8bcd it, \u4e14\u540e\u9762\u4e00\u53e5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u6001\uff0c\u56e0 \u6b64\u63a8\u65ad\u7a7a\u683c\u5904\u5e94\u586b\u5165\u52a8\u8bcd\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\u4f5c\u8c13\u8bed\u3002\u8be5\u52a8\u8bcd\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u591f\u4e0e\u5bbe\u8bed it \u540e\u9762\u7684 as \u642d\u914d\u3002\u52a8\u8bcd G) described 1 * \u63cf \u7ed8\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0 \u201d\u7b26 \u5408\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u6545\u4e3a\u7b54\u6848\u3002 ","user_answer":"A"},{"id":"643","title":"","number":"31","choice":["A) ability ","B) associated ","C) consciously ","D) constant ","E) control ","F) damage","G) described","H) equals","I) exclusively","J) innovated","K) regularly","L) relates","M) sources","N) undermine","O) vehicles"],"answer":"E) control","content":" \u540d\u8bcd\u8fa8\u6790\u9898\u3002\u7a7a\u683c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d ,\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u4e3b\u8bed\u662f individuals, \u8c13\u8bed\u662f have, \u7a7a\u683c\u524d\u8fd8\u6709 \u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd littk \u4fee\u9970\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u586b\u5165\u4e0d\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e14\u80fd\u4e0e\u524d\u9762\u7684 over \u642d\u914d\u3002\u7a7a\u683c\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4eba\u4eec\u8fc7\u65e9\u6b7b\u4ea1 \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u98ce\u9669\u56e0\u7d20\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5438\u5165\u7684\u7a7a\u6c14 ,\u800c\u547c\u5438\u7a7a\u6c14\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u5fc5\u9700\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u65e0\u6cd5\u6539\u53d8\u6216\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u683c \u5904\u5e94\u586b\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u67a3\u793a\u65e0\u6cd5 \u201c\u6539\u53d8\u201d\u6216\u201c\u64cd\u63a7\u201d\u7684 \u540d\u8bcd\u3002 E) control \u63a7\u5236 \uff0c\u638c\u63a7 \u201d\u7b26 \u5408\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u6545\u4e3a\u7b54\u6848\u3002 ","user_answer":"A"},{"id":"644","title":"","number":"32","choice":["A) ability ","B) associated ","C) consciously ","D) constant ","E) control ","F) damage","G) described","H) equals","I) exclusively","J) innovated","K) regularly","L) relates","M) sources","N) undermine","O) vehicles"],"answer":"H) equals","content":" \u52a8\u8bcd\u8fa8\u6790\u9898\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u53e5\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u7a7a\u683c\u4f4d\u4e8e where \u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a7a\u683c\u524d\u7684 lost-labor income \u4e3a\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u7a7a\u683c\u540e\u7684 nearly 1% of GDP \u662f\u5bbe\u8bed\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8be5\u4ece\u53e5\u7f3a\u5c11\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd;\u4e14\u524d\u534a\u53e5\u65f6\u6001\u4e3a \u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7a7a\u683c\u5904\u5e94\u586b\u5165\u52a8\u8bcd\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5355\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u7a7a\u683c\u524d\u7684\u4e3b\u53e5\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d7\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u5f71\u54cd\u6700 \u4e3a\u4e25\u91cd\uff0c\u7a7a\u683c\u6240\u5728\u53e5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bf4\u660e\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002 H) equals \u7b49\u540c \uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e \u201d\u7b26\u5408 \u53e5\u610f\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\uff0c \u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u6536\u5165\u635f\u5931\u51e0\u4e4e\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c\u7684 1% \u201d ","user_answer":"A"},{"id":"645","title":"","number":"33","choice":["A) ability ","B) associated ","C) consciously ","D) constant ","E) control ","F) damage","G) described","H) equals","I) exclusively","J) innovated","K) regularly","L) relates","M) sources","N) undermine","O) vehicles"],"answer":"K) regularly","content":" \u526f\u8bcd\u8fa8\u6790\u9898\u3002\u7a7a\u683c\u524d\u9762\u662f\u4ee3\u8bcd they, \u540e\u9762\u4e3a\u52a8\u540c experience \u53ca\u540d\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed dangerous levels of outdoor air pollution, \u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u683c\u5904\u9700\u8981\u586b\u5165\u526f\u8bcd\u3002\u524d\u4e00\u53e5\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u6536 \u5165\u635f\u5931\u51e0\u4e4e\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c\u7684 1% \u3002\u7a7a\u683c\u6240\u5728\u53e5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u89e3\u91ca\u9020\u6210\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u6536\u5165\u635f\u5931\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7a7a\u683c \u5904\u9700\u8981\u586b\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u793a \u201c\u957f \u671f\u4ee5\u6765 \u201d\u6216 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\u8981\u586b\u5165\u526f\u8bcd ,\u4ee5\u4fee\u9970\u5176\u524d\u7684 limited \u3002 \u524d\u6587\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u7ed9\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u7a7a\u683c\u6240\u5728\u6bb5\u5219\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86 \u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u5bf9\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7a7a\u683c\u5904\u9700\u8981\u586b\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u793a \u201c\u72ec\u6709\u5730\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u7684\u526f\u8bcd\uff0c\u4fee\u9970 limited, \u8868\u660e\u8fd9 -\u60c5\u51b5\u5e76\u975e\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u6240\u72ec\u6709\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u786e\u5b9a\u526f\u8bcd exclusively \u4e3a\u672c\u9898\u7b54\u6848\u3002 ","user_answer":"A"},{"id":"647","title":"","number":"35","choice":["A) ability ","B) associated ","C) consciously ","D) constant ","E) control ","F) damage","G) described","H) equals","I) exclusively","J) innovated","K) regularly","L) relates","M) sources","N) undermine","O) vehicles"],"answer":"O) 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